四、结语
竞业限制调整的主要社会关系，通常是以 代理为特征的民事法律关系，如劳动关系、公 司与其董事经理之间的关系等法律关系。其中， 雇佣劳动关系中的竞业关系，是竞业限制重点 调整的社会关系。劳动权保障及经营权维护， 又是雇佣劳动关系的主要内容。因此，劳动权 保障及经营权维护问题，是竞业限制所应解决 的主要问题。在当代，劳动权作为人的生存权 和发展权，已成为各国宪法及主要国际公约确 认和保护的基本人权。就经营权而言，经营权 维护与资本扩张密不可分。资本扩张与劳动优 先又为劳动政策之光谱两端。作为劳动优先政 策之主要内容的劳动权保障，是资本扩张的前 提和保证，而资本扩张又是劳动权保障的物质 条件。
由此可见，劳动权保障与经营权维护二者 之间具有天然的内在一致性。劳动权保障及经 营权维护的正当性，就决定了以劳动权保障及 经营权维护为主要内容的竞业限制具有鲜明的 正当性。除此之外，竞业限制依法规制经营者 与劳动者的市场竞争行为，从而形成规范有效 率的市场竞争秩序，这也是劳动权保障及经营 权维护得以实现的保证。至此，竞业限制对于 劳动权保障、经营权维护以及对市场竞争秩序 之规制等方面，所具正当性已昭然若揭。劳动 权保障与经营权维护的一致性，就成为竞业限 制之正当性的共同基础。这一研究结论，对深 入研究及探寻劳动权与经营权之权利冲突及化 解路径问题，具有一定意义。
本文作者：武汉大学知识产权研究所副研 究员、法学院博士研究生
责任编辑：赵 俊
An Analysis of the Legitimacy of the Restraint of Trade
——From the Perspective of the Conflict and Resolution Between Management
Rights and Labor Rights
Wang Bo
Abstract: What the restraint of trade usually regulates is the legal relationship characterized by agency, of which the labor rights protection, management rights protection and the or- der of market competition are the main content. Meanwhile, normative and effective market competition order is the guarantee to realize labor rights, management rights .Among them, the protection of labor rights is the premise and foundation of capital expansion,and capital expansion is the intrinsic demand of management rights protection and material condi- tions of labor rights protection. The consistency of the labor rights protection and capital ex- pansion decides the consistency of the two sides of labor policy just like the two ends of spectrum, namely the consistency of labor priority and capital expansion. With the help of legal regulation construction, the capital expansion and labor priority achieved internal unity during the process of interest game, which has become the common foundation of the legiti- macy of restraint of trade. This is of great significance to explore the conflict between the la- bor rights and management rights as well its solution.
Keywords; restraint of trade; labor rights; management rights; competition order
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